Biography of efrain rios montt
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Jose Mauricio Rodriguez Sanchez © Johan Ordonez / AFP / Getty Images
Jose Efrain Rios Montt © Johan Ordonez / AFP / Getty Images
Introduction
In , Jose Efrain Rios Montt (now deceased), who ruled Guatemala for nearly seventeen months during and , and his then chief of military intelligence, faced trial in Guatemala City for genocide and crimes against humanity. The charges arose from systematic massacres of the country’s indigenous population carried out by Guatemalan troops and paramilitary forces during this phase of the country’s long and brutal civil war, and the related mass forced displacement.
This was the first time a former head of state had been prosecuted for genocide in a national, as opposed to an international, court. The trial was an important milestone in holding political and military leaders accountable for international crimes. For Guatemalans, it contributed to an accurate historical account of the gross human rights violations committed during the civil war, in a process that helped to reinforce the country’s young democracy.
A United Nations sponsored truth commission established under the peace agreement that ended the civil war in estimated that more than , died or were sub
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Efraín Ríos Montt
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Obituary: Guatemala's Efrain Rios Montt
General Rios Montt returned to the political limelight when he ran for president in , despite a constitutional rule that no-one who had overthrown a government could stand for the presidency.
During the campaign, he was accused of orchestrating a violent protest by his supporters against the constitutional ruling.
A journalist died of a heart attack while running away from protesters in what became known as Black Thursday in Guatemala City.
But Gen Rios Montt was cleared of manslaughter charges in , with prosecutors citing a lack of evidence.
He stood for president again in but was defeated in an election was marred by violence, with more than 22 people connected with political parties killed in the run-up to the vote.
The general returned to public office in as a member of Congress, which secured him immunity from prosecution over the war crimes allegations.
But that immunity expired with the end of his term in office in January , and within two weeks of leaving office he was summoned to court and formally charged with genocide and crimes against humanity.
Prosecutors called for year sentences to be given to both Gen Rios Montt and his former spy chief.
Although the case was beset with delays, legal loopholes and a tempo