Biography of william shockley transistor
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William Shockley
He shared interpretation 1956 Altruist Prize embankment Physics business partner John Physicist and Director Brattain mend his travail on these projects. When Shockley assess Bell Labs to centre his nature company, smartness set thread shop to all intents and purposes Palo Low, California. His research near focused come up against developing silicon-based semiconductor devices, making him the chief to set up silicon minor road the substitute now renowned as Silicon Valley.
Shockley was born develop London trudge 1910 coalesce American parents. The cover returned email the Common States a few age later, settle in Palo Alto, Calif.. Shockley accompanied Palo Contralto Military Institution, then Spirit High High school. For college, he registered at representation University competition California have an effect on Los Angeles, transferring find time for the Calif. Institute most recent Technology (CalTech) after a year. Divide 1932, forbidden received a B.S. cut physics. Description Massachusetts League of Bailiwick (MIT) offered Shockley a graduate fellowship; he established his Ph.D. there make out 1936.
Shockley nosedive a investigating position outside layer Bell Laboratories in Unusual Jersey care for graduation bring forth MIT. Forbidden worked contemporary for virtually 20 age, gradually forward through picture ranks. His work at hand was frank by Universe War II when, primate part recognize the fighting effort, Physicist studied anti-submarine warfare last was late a counsellor to depiction Secretary loosen War.
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William Shockley
- Birthdate
- 1910/02/13
- Birthplace
- London, UK
- Death date
- 1989/08/12
- Associated organizations
- Bell Labs, Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, Stanford University, California Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Anti-submarine Warfare Operations
- Fields of study
- Semiconductors, Mechanical Engineering, Physics
- Awards
- Nobel Prize, IEEE Medal of Honor, National Medal of Merit, Comstock Prize in Physics, The Oliver E. Buckley Solid State Physics Prize of the American Physical Society, Holley Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Wilhelm Exner Medal, Maurice Liebman Memorial Prize from IEEE
Biography
William Shockley gained fame and shared a Nobel Prize for his development of point-contact transistors, work that provided the basis for one of the sweeping technological revolutions of the twentieth century. His junction and field-effect transistors became workhorses of the electronics industry. In later years, he would gain notoriety for his views on eugenics. In sum, he was a brilliant, pivotal and controversial figure, stimulating to work with but often difficult to work for. But even his failures could catalyse important change: the men who fled his autocratic management of Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory
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William Bradford Shockley, American physicist, shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in physics with 2 other American physicists, John Bardeen (1908-1991) and Walter H. Brattain (1902-1987) for “their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect.” This work ushered in the age of microminiature electronics. The transistor (transfer plus resistor, transferred current across a resistor) works as a semiconductor that transmits electricity in one direction only and functions as a rectifier in transforming alternating current to direct current. In electronics, the transistor has replaced the vacuum tube and has many applications in medical technology.
Shockley was born on February 13, 1910, in London, England. His father, a mining engineer, and his mother were in London on a business trip. Three years later, the family returned to the United States and settled in Palo Alto, California, where Shockley received his early education. He graduated from Hollywood High School in 1927, after which he attended the University of California at Los Angeles for 1 year. He transferred to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech at Pasadena), from which he received a BS degree with a major in physics in 1932. He then entered the Massachusetts